The ACT syllabus is the high-level map of what each section tests: English grammar and rhetoric, Math across six topic areas, Reading comprehension on four passage types, optional Science data interpretation, and an optional Writing essay. You do not need to memorize every subtopic on day one, but knowing the layout helps you study efficiently. For a broader overview, start with what is the ACT.
English: grammar and rhetoric
English tests usage and mechanics (punctuation, grammar, sentence structure) and rhetorical skills (strategy, organization, style) through passages you edit. Questions ask which revision is best, not whether you can define terms in isolation. Drill the question types in ACT English question types.
Math: six content areas
Math draws from pre-algebra, elementary algebra, intermediate algebra, coordinate geometry, plane geometry, and trigonometry. Algebra and geometry make up the bulk; trig is a smaller slice. You can use a calculator on every question. For the full topic breakdown, see ACT Math topics.
Reading: four passage types
Reading gives you four passages—typically literary narrative, social science, humanities, and natural science—with comprehension questions about main ideas, details, vocabulary in context, and the author's purpose. You are not tested on outside knowledge; everything you need is in the passage.
Science: three passage types (optional)
If you add Science, expect Data Representation (graphs and tables), Research Summaries (experiments), and Conflicting Viewpoints (competing theories). The section rewards reading data quickly, not recalling biology or chemistry facts. For how to approach it, read the best ACT Science strategy.
Writing: one optional essay
The optional Writing section is a 40-minute essay responding to a prompt with three perspectives. It is scored separately and does not affect your Composite. Check whether your colleges want it before you pay for the add-on at registration.
The bottom line
The ACT syllabus is broad but predictable: fix sentences in English, solve problems across six Math areas, read four passage types, interpret data in Science if you take it, and write one essay if you add Writing. Use this map to plan your prep, then go deeper section by section.
Start practicing
Start with a free diagnostic, then drill your weak spots with 15-question quizzes and track how you're doing across Reading, English, and Math. Compare plans whenever you're ready to go further.
This article offers general ACT prep guidance. The ACT can change from year to year, including its format, scoring, policies, test dates, and fees, so always confirm the latest details on the official ACT website at act.org before you make decisions. ACT® is a registered trademark of ACT, Inc. thirty-six is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by ACT.